Radio comms from the field, the kind of lines you'd call over a military radio net. Every word colored by its case, tagged with its dictionary form and the rule that changed it.
NOMSubject. Dictionary form.
ACCDirect object. Motion toward with в / на.
GENAfter до от из у без для о́коло напро́тив вдоль с. Also: нет, numbers.
DATAfter к, по. Also: ну́жен, звони́ть, помо́чь.
INSTRMeans / с (with). Static position with над за под пе́ред.
PREPOnly with prepositions. в / на = location. о = topic.
0.90x
Contact and spotting
Reporting what you see is the most common radio traffic in the game. Most lines are a nominative subject plus a location phrase. Two recurring snags: animate enemies (врага́) borrow the genitive for their accusative, and в / на for static location pull the prepositional.
01
Я ви́жу врага́.
I see the enemy.
врага́
ACCUSATIVE
враг · masc.Direct object. враг is animate masculine, so its accusative copies the genitive: -а is added.
02
Проти́вник спра́ва.
Enemy on the right.
Проти́вник
NOMINATIVE
проти́вник · masc.Subject, with the "to be" dropped. спра́ва is an adverb and never declines.
03
Ви́жу цель в зда́нии.
I see a target in the building.
цель
ACCUSATIVE
цель · fem.Direct object. цель is feminine ending in -ь, so its accusative matches the nominative.
зда́нии
PREPOSITIONAL
зда́ние · neut.Static location after в, prepositional. зда́ние becomes зда́нии.
Movement language lives on the motion-versus-location split. в and на plus accusative means heading into or onto somewhere. к plus dative means toward. за plus instrumental means tucking in behind cover.
09
Мы дви́гаемся к мосту́.
We're moving toward the bridge.
мосту́
DATIVE
мост · masc.к (toward) takes dative. мост becomes мосту́.
прика́з · masc.ждать takes genitive when waiting for something abstract. прика́з becomes прика́за.
Orders and coordination
Giving and relaying orders. Whoever you give to or inform is dative; the thing itself is accusative. Two combat-specific triggers worth burning in: по plus dative for firing on a target, and за plus instrumental for following behind someone.
17
Команди́р, дай нам прика́з.
Commander, give us an order.
прика́з
ACCUSATIVE
прика́з · masc.Direct object, the thing given.
18
Откры́ть ого́нь по проти́внику.
Open fire on the enemy.
ого́нь
ACCUSATIVE
ого́нь · masc.Direct object of "open." Inanimate masculine, unchanged.
проти́внику
DATIVE
проти́вник · masc.по for firing on a target takes dative. проти́вник becomes проти́внику.
19
Доложи́ свою́пози́цию.
Report your position.
свою́
ACCUSATIVE
свой · poss.Modifies пози́цию, agrees with it in accusative feminine. Dictionary form свой becomes свою́, the reflexive possessive, since the position belongs to the subject.
пози́цию
ACCUSATIVE
пози́ция · fem.Direct object, the thing reported. свою́ agrees with it in the accusative.
20
Прикрыва́й команди́ра.
Cover the commander.
команди́ра
ACCUSATIVE
команди́р · masc.Direct object, animate masculine, so accusative copies the genitive. команди́р becomes команди́ра.
21
Сообщи́ гру́ппе о враге́.
Tell the squad about the enemy.
гру́ппе
DATIVE
гру́ппа · fem.Recipient of the message, dative. гру́ппа becomes гру́ппе.
патро́н · masc.Direct object, plural. Inanimate, so accusative matches nominative.
23
Стреля́й в того́солда́та.
Shoot at that soldier.
того́
ACCUSATIVE
тот · dem.Modifies солда́та, agrees with it in accusative masculine. солда́т is animate, so того́ copies the genitive form, same as the noun.
солда́та
ACCUSATIVE
солда́т · masc.в plus accusative here aims at a target. солда́т is animate, so accusative copies the genitive. того́ agrees.
24
Сле́дуй за мной.
Follow me.
Supply and ammo
The highest-value pattern in this whole file: with ну́жен, the thing you need is the nominative subject and you are dative. "I need ammo" is literally "to me ammo is needed," and the verb agrees with the ammo, not you. Possession and shortage run on у plus genitive and нет plus genitive.
25
Мне нужны́ патро́ны.
I need cartridges.
патро́ны
NOMINATIVE
патро́н · masc.The thing needed is the real subject, so it is nominative. нужны́ agrees with it as plural. This reversal is the key pattern.
26
У меня́ нет боеприпа́сов.
I'm out of ammo.
боеприпа́сов
GENITIVE
боеприпа́сы · pl.нет (none) forces the absent thing into genitive plural. боеприпа́сы becomes боеприпа́сов.
27
У сна́йпера есть апте́чка.
The sniper has a medkit.
сна́йпера
GENITIVE
сна́йпер · masc.Owner after у, genitive. сна́йпер becomes сна́йпера.
апте́чка
NOMINATIVE
апте́чка · fem.The thing that exists is the subject, nominative.
грана́та · fem.Quantity word ско́лько takes genitive plural. грана́та becomes the zero-ending грана́т.
32
Возьми́ ору́жиеврага́.
Take the enemy's weapon.
ору́жие
ACCUSATIVE
ору́жие · neut.Direct object. Neuter, unchanged.
врага́
GENITIVE
враг · masc.Possession, the weapon OF the enemy, genitive.
Casualties and medic
Casualty traffic hides a trigger that catches everyone: помо́чь (to help) governs dative, so the person you help is dative, never accusative. Counts of wounded pull genitive through their numerals, and reporting about losses uses о plus prepositional.
33
Я ра́нен.
I'm wounded.
34
Ме́дик, помоги́ солда́ту.
Medic, help the soldier.
Ме́дик
NOMINATIVE
ме́дик · masc.Whom you are addressing, stays nominative.
солда́ту
DATIVE
солда́т · masc.помо́чь (to help) takes dative, not accusative. The one helped is dative. солда́т becomes солда́ту.
35
Команди́р уби́т.
The commander is down.
Команди́р
NOMINATIVE
команди́р · masc.Subject. уби́т is a short passive predicate, not a case form.
36
Мне нужна́ по́мощь.
I need help.
по́мощь
NOMINATIVE
по́мощь · fem.The needed thing is the nominative subject. нужна́ agrees as feminine.
Vehicles stack everything at once. Getting in is accusative motion, riding is на plus prepositional, driving along is по plus dative, parking behind is за plus instrumental, and fueling uses the bare instrumental for the means.